We now know it as the sweetener Sucralose. Phadnis misheard it as a request to “taste” the stuff – a scary mistake to make in his line of work – and found it was extremely sweet. NASA scientists study the solar cycle so we can better predict solar activity. In 1976, chemist Shashikant Phadnis’s boss asked him to test a chlorinated sugar compound being studied as a potential insecticide. That observation led, two years later, to Raytheon introducing the first commercial microwave oven. Percy Spencer, an engineer at the US company Raytheon, was working on a radar set in 1945 when he noticed that a candy bar in his pocket was melting. This is by no means the only example of good luck in science. RNAi has since been the subject of a Nobel prize, has saved lives and promises to save many more. They suspected they’d found something big, and they had: an entirely new way in which cells regulate gene expression, now called RNA interference.
Neither dismissed the finding as an error. The high-profile governor’s races decided last week have put the spotlight on 36 gubernatorial contests next year, in which Democratic and Republican candidates are positioning and repositioning. This surprising finding was made independently in the early 1990s by two plant biologists, Richard Jorgensen in the US and Joseph Mol in the Netherlands. IF YOU want to make petunias a deeper purple, you could just add an extra pigment gene, right? Wrong: the extra gene turns the flowers white.
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